Table of Contents
What is horizontal transmission of hepatitis B?
The horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) occurs in limited situations, such as the transfusion of blood or blood products contaminated with HBV, the reuse of needles and syringes of intravenously injected drugs, and sexual intercourse with HBV-positive partners.
What is vertical transmission of hepatitis B?
Vertical transmission implies transmission of the hepatitis B virus from mother to infant. This occurs with great frequency (70 to 100 per cent) when the mother has acute hepatitis B near delivery.
What are two ways Hepatitis B can spread?
Common ways that HBV can spread are:
- Sexual contact. You may get hepatitis B if you have unprotected sex with someone who is infected.
- Sharing of needles. HBV easily spreads through needles and syringes contaminated with infected blood.
- Accidental needle sticks.
- Mother to child.
What is vertical and horizontal transmission?
In general, transmission of viruses can occur through two pathways: horizontal and vertical transmission. In horizontal transmission, viruses are transmitted among individuals of the same generation, while vertical transmission occurs from mothers to their offspring.
What is vertical contact transmission?
Vertical transmission: Passage of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. Transmission might occur across the placenta, in the breast milk, or through direct contact during or after birth.
Can hepatitis B be transmitted through saliva?
Hepatitis B is not spread through sneezing, coughing, hugging, or breastfeeding. Although the virus can be found in saliva, it is not believed to be spread through kissing or sharing utensils.
What is meant by horizontal transmission?
Horizontal transmission is the transmission of organisms between biotic and/or abiotic members of an ecosystem that are not in a parent-progeny relationship. This concept has been generalized to include transmissions of infectious agents, symbionts, and cultural traits between humans.