Table of Contents
How does GHB affect memory?
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a drug of abuse associated with increasing numbers of GHB-dependent patients and emergency attendances often related to GHB-induced coma. Animal studies suggest that GHB induces oxidative stress in the hippocampus, resulting in memory impairments.
Can GHB cause serotonin syndrome?
Results: Chronic abuse of GHB exerts multifarious neurotransmitter and neuromodulator effects on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine and cholinergic systems. Moreover, important effects on neurosteroidogenesis and oxytocin release are wielded.
Is GHB a GABA antagonist?
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous compound and a drug used clinically to treat the symptoms of narcolepsy. GHB is known to be an agonist of GABAB receptors with millimolar affinity, but also binds with much higher affinity to another site, known as the GHB receptor.
What does GHB interact with?
Medications that cause sleepiness and drowsiness are called sedatives. Taking GHB at the same time may greatly increase the effects of sedatives. Do not take GHB if you are taking sedative medications. Some of these sedative medications include clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), and others.
What does GHB metabolize into?
GHB is metabolized by multiple steps ultimately to succinic acid which enters the Krebs cycle for metabolism to carbon dioxide and water. Less than 2\% of GHB is eliminated unchanged in the urine, resulting in short detection times for urine screening programs of generally only 8–12 h.
Does GHB affect GABA A?
While a body of evidence has shown that GHB does not bind to GABAA receptors widely, recent evidence has suggested that the GHB receptor is in fact on extrasynaptic α4β1δ GABAA receptors, where GHB acts as an agonist with an EC50 of 140 nM.
Can you mix gabapentin and GHB?
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gabapentin is combined with gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid. The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid is combined with Gabapentin enacarbil.
What is the half-life of GHB?
After ingestion both GBL and BD are rapidly converted into GHB (t½ ~1 min). The Cmax occurs after 20-40 min and GHB is then eliminated from plasma with a half-life of 30-50 min. Only about 1-5\% of the dose of GHB is recoverable in urine and the window of detection is relatively short (3-10 h).