Table of Contents
How do single-stranded RNA viruses replicate?
RNA viruses replicate their genomes via one of two unique pathways—either by RNA-dependent RNA synthesis, or among the retroviruses, by RNA-dependent DNA synthesis (reverse transcription) followed by DNA replication and transcription.
How do RNA viruses differ?
Difference Between DNA & RNA Viruses The viruses that contain DNA as their genetic material are called the DNA viruses. RNA viruses, on the other hand, contain RNA as their genetic material. DNA viruses are mostly double-stranded while RNA viruses are single-stranded.
Can single-stranded RNA function as a viral genome?
Positive-strand RNA viruses (+ssRNA viruses) are a group of related viruses that have positive-sense, single-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The positive-sense genome can act as messenger RNA (mRNA) and can be directly translated into viral proteins by the host cell’s ribosomes.
Which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with reverse transcriptase?
Creation of double-stranded DNA also involves strand transfer, in which there is a translocation of short DNA product from initial RNA-dependent DNA synthesis to acceptor template regions at the other end of the genome, which are later reached and processed by the reverse transcriptase for its DNA-dependent DNA …
What is RNA synthesis?
RNA synthesis (also known as transcription) is the production of an RNA molecule from the nucleotides adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or uracil (U). The RNA molecule may function as messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis, or may be one of the other many other forms of RNA (tRNA, rRNA, miRNA, etc).
What do the key differences between RNA and DNA?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
Which viruses have single-stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis?
Retroviruses. Retroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses.
Can RNA virus double stranded?
Double-stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA viruses) are a polyphyletic group of viruses that have double-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The double-stranded genome is used to transcribe a positive-strand RNA by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
Does not initiate DNA synthesis?
The results of such studies indicated that DNA synthesis is initiated at multiple sites, from which it then proceeds in both directions along the chromosome (Figure 5.15).
How do all viruses differ from bacteria group of answer choices?
Viruses are tinier: the largest of them are smaller than the smallest bacteria. All they have is a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can’t survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells.