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What is Indian Ocean dipole?
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia.
What is Indian Ocean dipole what are its characteristics discuss its impact on the Indian monsoon?
IOD is the difference between the temperature of eastern (Bay of Bengal) and the western Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea). Indian monsoon depends upon not only El Nino La Nina but also IOD and other such ocean phenomena. Characteristics of IOD: Temperature difference: IOD occurs because of temperature difference.
What is the Indian Ocean dipole what are its characteristic features discuss its impact on Indian monsoon?
Thus, an IOD can either aggravate or weaken the impact of El Nino on Indian monsoon. If there is a positive IOD, it can bring good rains to India despite an El Nino year. For example, positive IOD had facilitated normal or excess rainfall over India in 1983, 1994 and 1997 despite an El Nino in those years.
What is the climate of the Indian Ocean?
The Indian Ocean is the warmest ocean in the world. Long-term ocean temperature records show a rapid, continuous warming in the Indian Ocean, at about 1.2 °C (34.2 °F) (compared to 0.7 °C (33.3 °F) for the warm pool region) during 1901–2012.
What causes the Indian dipole?
The Indian Ocean Dipole, or IOD, is a natural climate phenomenon that influences rainfall patterns around the Indian Ocean, including Australia. It’s brought about by the interactions between the currents along the sea surface and atmospheric circulation.
What is the Indian Ocean known for?
Covering almost 20\% of the earth’s total surface, the Indian Ocean makes a huge contribution to the water load of the world. Owing to its huge size, the Indian Ocean has a whooping volume of 292,131,000 cubic kilometres, with an average depth of 3890 meters.