Table of Contents
What is game theory optimal?
Game theory optimal (GTO) poker is an umbrella term players use to describe the holy grail of no-limit holdem playing strategy, by which you become unexploitable to your opponents and improve your winrate.
Is there an AI for poker?
With a study completed in December 2016 and published in Science in March 2017, DeepStack became the first AI capable of beating professional poker players at heads-up no-limit Texas hold’em poker.
Has no-limit hold’em been solved?
In 2015, a supercomputer with 48 CPUs running for 68 days “solved” heads-up limit hold’em poker, the simplest poker game played for money in casinos and online (Bowling et al., 2015). This computer cannot be beaten, even in a human lifetime of play.
What is GTO theory?
Game Theory Optimal (GTO) is basically when you attempt to play mathematically perfect poker, so that your opponents make mistakes against you. This strategy balances your value hands and bluffs in a way that leaves you unexploitable. You’ll be following the same strategy against all opponents no matter what they do.
Who invented game theory optimal?
John Nash developed game theory as a branch of mathematics at Princeton University around 1950. As poker has become more popular over the last 15 years or so, players have improved dramatically, to the point where it’s very difficult to consistently to beat the game without game theory knowledge in your corner.
How does an AI play poker?
The AI relies on its neural networks to determine the best moves. DeepStack played two-player Texas Hold ’em against professional poker players from the International Federation of Poker. After playing 44,852 games, DeepStack’s results were ten times what a professional poker player considers a sizable margin.
Is chess solved?
No, chess is not a solved game. There is something like 10^50^50 possible games, and more like 10^120 reasonable games (this is called the Shannon Number).
What is PC Limit Hold em?
Limit poker is a variation of the popular card game where the betting limit is set. This can apply to cash games as well as tournaments but the most popular option is Limit Texas Hold’em ring games with nine seats at a table. These are called small bets and big bets.