Sage-Tips

What are the factors that might contribute to errors during specific gravity determination?

The sources were: the effect of temperature on the solution S.G.; errors in calibration and reading hydrometers; hairline cracks in the shell; cooling of the solutions by stored eggs; and the fact that hydrometers are calibrated at 60°F.

What is the significance of this test performed on aggregate samples specific gravity and absorption?

Specific gravity test of aggregates is done to measure the strength or quality of the material while water absorption test determines the water holding capacity of the coarse and fine aggregates. The main objective of these test is to, To measure the strength or quality of the material.

What is specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate?

Specific Gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water. Water, at a temperature of 73.4°F (23°C) has a specific gravity of 1. Specific Gravity is important for several reasons. Some deleterious particles are lighter than the “good” aggregates.

What is the effect relation of the specific gravity of aggregate in a concrete?

It was observed that the higher the specific gravity the higher the proportions of concrete. However, the higher cement-water ratio leads to the less density and weight of concrete. In addition, the cement and water content were observed to increase cement- water ratio.

What are the different types of errors in measurement?

The errors that may occur in the measurement of a physical quantity can be classified into six types: constant error, systematic error, random error, absolute error, relative error and percentage error.

What errors can occur in density testing?

The most common reasons for density errors include using the wrong or inaccurate instruments and not accounting for temperature changes.

• The Liquid Volume.
• Regular Solid Volume.
• Irregular Solid Volume.
• The Temperature Effects.
• Mass and Other Considerations.

What difficulties arise in the use of aggregates which absorb water?

The water cement ratio is the water added to unit weight of cement. If the aggregates absorbs water and equivalent water for this absorption is not added above the required w/c ratio, the workability reduces, maybe becoming unworkable, depending on the dryness of the aggregates.

What are the limitations in determination of specific gravity using Pycnometer?

Two main reasons for error in the calculation are weighing inaccuracies and the presence of entrapped air. Entrapped air have to be eliminated completely before testing the sample. The weighing balance has to be checked before conducting the test. The soil sample taken for testing have to be completely oven dried.

Is there a negative specific gravity?

This fact highlights the utility of the usage of submerged specific gravity in problems involving buoyancy and force balances on submerged objects: the object will naturally rise when its submerged specific gravity is negative, and sink when its submerged specific gravity is positive. …

Does the moisture affect the strength of aggregates How?

How Moisture Affects Concrete Strength. The increased water leads to a higher water-to-cement ratio. When excess water creates greater spaces between aggregate materials, the voids fill with air after the moisture evaporates. The resulting inadequate compaction reduces the concrete’s strength.

What is a coarse aggregate specific gravity test?

Overview. The coarse aggregate specific gravity test (Figure 1) is used to calculate the specific gravity of a coarse aggregate sample by determining the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water. It is similar in nature to the fine aggregate specific gravity test.

What is the difference between specific gravity test and water absorption test?

Specific gravity test of aggregates is done to measure the strength or quality of the material while water absorption test determines the water holding capacity of the coarse and fine aggregates.

How is the mass of a coarse aggregate sample determined?

The mass of a coarse aggregate sample is determine in SSD, oven-dry and submerged states. These values are then used to calculate bulk specific gravity, bulk SSD specific gravity, apparent specific gravity and absorption. Figure 5 shows major coarse aggregate specific gravity equipment.

How to determine the water absorption of aggregates?

To determine the water absorption of aggregates. Specific Gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water. It is the measure of strength or quality of the specific material.