Table of Contents
- 1 How has the use of X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry advanced our understanding of atomic and molecular structure?
- 2 Why was Dorothy Hodgkins work important?
- 3 What is X-ray crystallography used for?
- 4 Why is Dorothy Hodgkin inspirational?
- 5 What did Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin discover?
- 6 When did Dorothy Hodgkin discover penicillin?
- 7 Where did Dorothy Hodgkin go to college?
- 8 What was Dorothy Hodgkin occupation?
- 9 What is the history of X-ray crystallography in chemistry?
- 10 What are the different types of X-ray methods for Crystal Analysis?
How has the use of X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry advanced our understanding of atomic and molecular structure?
X-Ray CrystallographyWhen bombarded with x-ray radiation, crystals exhibit a characteristic diffraction pattern. A map is constructed to describe the electron density of the molecules in the crystal. Atomic models of the molecules are also created; these can explain the experimentally observed electron density.
Why was Dorothy Hodgkins work important?
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin is best known for her work in developing crystallography of biochemical compounds. She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1964 for determining the complicated structure of vitamin B12.
What is X-ray crystallography used for?
x Ray crystallography is currently the most favoured technique for structure determination of proteins and biological macromolecules. Increasingly, those interested in all branches of the biological sciences require structural information to shed light on previously unanswered questions.
How did Dorothy Hodgkin discover the structure of penicillin?
Florey had just isolated penicillin, and he wanted to know its structure to better understand how it worked against bacteria—so he turned to Hodgkin and her x-ray crystallography expertise. Six years later, Hodgkin announced she had solved the puzzle, successfully unraveling penicillin’s structure.
What was Dorothy Hodgkins occupation?
Physicist
BiochemistBiologistBiophysicist
Dorothy Hodgkin/Professions
Why is Dorothy Hodgkin inspirational?
In 1964 Professor Hodgkin became the first and only British woman to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her determination by X-ray techniques of the structures of biologically important molecules.
What did Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin discover?
Dorothy Hodgkin was awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for solving the atomic structure of molecules such as penicillin and insulin, using X-ray crystallography.
When did Dorothy Hodgkin discover penicillin?
A mass of X-ray diffraction images, extensive calculations, and astute analysis helped Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin to successfully determine the structure of penicillin in 1946 and, in 1956, also the structure of vitamin B12, which has the most complex structure of all vitamins.
What is Dorothy Hodgkins full name?
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
Dorothy Hodgkin, in full Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, née Dorothy Mary Crowfoot, (born May 12, 1910, Cairo, Egypt—died July 29, 1994, Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire, England), English chemist whose determination of the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12 brought her the 1964 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
Where did Dorothy Hodgkin do her work?
After receiving her PhD from Cambridge University, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin returned to Oxford University in 1934 where she remained for the rest of her career, achieving a host of brilliant discoveries in the field of molecular biology.
Where did Dorothy Hodgkin go to college?
University of Cambridge1932–1937
University of Oxford1928–1932
Dorothy Hodgkin/Education
What was Dorothy Hodgkin occupation?
What is the history of X-ray crystallography in chemistry?
X-ray crystallography of biological molecules took off with Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, who solved the structures of cholesterol (1937), penicillin (1946) and vitamin B 12 (1956), for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.
What are the implications of X-ray crystallography for ribosomal research?
Ribosomes are central to life as we know it, there is a myriad of implications to ribosomal research from evolution, biotechnology, and of course new drugs to treat many diseases. X-ray crystallography is an experimental method used to determine the atomic and molecular structure of crystals.
How is X-ray crystallography related to Fourier transformation?
X-ray crystallography is related to several other methods for determining atomic structures. Similar diffraction patterns can be produced by scattering electrons or neutrons, which are likewise interpreted by Fourier transformation.
What are the different types of X-ray methods for Crystal Analysis?
If single crystals of sufficient size cannot be obtained, various other X-ray methods can be applied to obtain less detailed information; such methods include fiber diffraction, powder diffraction and (if the sample is not crystallized) small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).