Table of Contents
What are the factors affecting hydrogen bonding?
Factors Affecting Hydrogen Bonds
- Extensiveness. A molecule that can form more hydrogen bonds with more neighboring molecules will have more extensive hydrogen bonds, hence more energy is required to break more hydrogen bonds per molecule, and the melting/boiling point is higher.
- Polarity.
What are the requirements for hydrogen bonding to exist between two molecules?
Two Requirements for Hydrogen Bonding:
- First molecules has hydrogen attached to a highly electronegative atom (N,O,F). (hydrogen bond donor)
- Second molecule has a lone pair of electrons on a small highly electronegative atom (N,O,F). (hydrogen bond acceptor)
What causes weak hydrogen bonds to form between molecules?
Because the hydrogen is slightly positive, it will be attracted to neighboring negative charges. When this happens, a weak interaction occurs between the δ+ of the hydrogen from one molecule and the δ– charge on the more electronegative atoms of another molecule, usually oxygen or nitrogen, or within the same molecule.
What are the factor responsible for the strength of hydrogen bond?
Strength of the hydrogen bond is determined by the coulombic interaction between the lone-pair electrons of the electronegative atom of one molecule and the hydrogen atom of other molecule.
How does polarity affect hydrogen bonding?
The two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom within water molecules (H2O) form polar covalent bonds. As a result of water’s polarity, each water molecule attracts other water molecules because of the opposite charges between them, forming hydrogen bonds.
Are hydrogen bonds formed between all molecules?
Hydrogen bonds can form between different molecules (intermolecular hydrogen bonding) or between different parts of the same molecule (intramolecular hydrogen bonding).
What causes hydrogen bonds to form between polar molecules?
Polar molecules form hydrogen bonds when hydrogen is bonded to Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fiorina. This is because these atoms are highly electro-negative meaning they often have the electron they have sharing with hydrogen. Hydrogen atoms bonded with these atoms are attracted to the partial negative charge of similar atoms.
Which intermolecular interaction is dependent on the inverse cube of distance?
The intermolecular interaction that is dependent on the inverse cube of the distance between the molecules is : Dipole-dipole interaction depends on the inverse cube of distance between the molecules.
Is hydrogen bonding a dipole dipole attraction?
Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive force between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom such as a N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.
Is the cube of distance inversely proportional to charge?
Inverse cube of distance I think means an ion-dipole interaction, since we know force due to a dipole on a charge is inversely proportional to the cube of distance. But I don’t understand why the answer given is hydrogen bond.
What is an example of dipole-dipole interaction?
Dipole-dipole interaction depends on the inverse cube of distance between the molecules. Hydrogen bonding is an example of dipole-dipole interaction. The strength of the interaction depends on the magnitude of dipole moment of polar molecule, size of the molecule and charge and size of the ion.