Sage-Tips

What is antenna effect in VLSI Quora?

Due to increase of rate in frequency,the power dissipation of circuit will increase which will result in increase in leakage,increase of cost,larger space area within a given chip and due to that the overall quality of chip will decrease.

What is the important source of antenna effect?

Antenna effect occurs mainly due to the excessive accumulation of charges on a metal interconnect connected to the gate of transistors during the plasma etching of metal interconnect. The amount of accumulated charge depends on the area of the metal interconnect connected to the gate.

What is antenna effect and what are prevention techniques to overcome antenna effect?

To avoid antenna problems, you must design all net topologies so that no gate is vulnerable to a large amount of floating charge. Antenna rules are commonly expressed as a ratio of wire area over gate area (Aw/Ag) for each metal and cut (via) layer.

What is antenna rule check?

9-3: Electrical Rule Checking (ERC) 9-3-2: Antenna Rule Checking. Antenna rules are required by some IC manufacturers to ensure that the transistors of the chip are not destroyed during fabrication. In such processes, the wafer is bombarded with ions in order to create the polysilicon and metal layers.

What is antenna effect lanthanides?

Lanthanide based dyes and assays exploit the antenna effect, where a sensitiser-chromophore is used as a light harvesting antenna and subsequent excited state energy transfer populates the emitting lanthanide centred excited state.

What is the antenna effect in MRI?

The antenna effect is the antinodal heating mechanism in MRI, where conductive wires act as antennas. The tips of wires and conductors of appropriate length act as antennas and cause thermal burns in the human body.

What is NAC diode?

This diode, often. referred to as a Net Area Check (NAC) diode, is attached to metal wires connecting transistors and carries. 28th Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics.

What is latch-up in VLSI?

Technically latch-up is the phenomena of activating the parasitic BJTs in a CMOS circuit which forms a low impedance path between the power and ground terminals. This low impedance path draws a large current and heats up the IC (Integrated Chip) which cause permanent damage of IC.

What is plasma induced damage?

During plasma exposure, devices are damaged by bombardment of high-energy ions and plasma stressing current flowing into high-k dielectric films enhanced by the so-called antenna effect. These mechanisms are usually referred to as Plasma-induced Physical Damage (PPD) and Charging Damage (PCD), respectively.

What is the solution of antenna effect?

Fixes for antenna violations Change the order of the routing layers. If the gate(s) immediately connects to the highest metal layer, no antenna violation will normally occur. This solution is shown in Figure 3(a). Add vias near the gate(s), to connect the gate to the highest layer used.

What is the antenna effect chemistry?

Abstract. Lanthanide based dyes and assays exploit the antenna effect, where a sensitiser-chromophore is used as a light harvesting antenna and subsequent excited state energy transfer populates the emitting lanthanide centred excited state.

Why are lanthanides fluorescent?

The fluorescence of lanthanide salts is weak because the energy absorption of the metallic ion is low; hence chelated complexes of lanthanides are most commonly used. The fluorescence is most intense when the metal ion has the oxidation state of 3+.

What is antantenna effect in VLSI?

Antenna effect in VLSI implies to the charge collection effect, but not to the device called antenna. significant amount of charge usually induced during the process of plasma etching and other processes.

What is gate oxide damage in VLSI?

As this name itself indicates that this is an effect caused by the Gate Oxide Damage due to the Plasma Etching process during the fabrication process of VLSI chips.

Why is VLSI design based on an analog design?

Because the term “Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)” is applicable only to digital circuits where the transistor / gate count is in millions. So, IMHO it is Analog Design predominantly it is based on a Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ( CMOS ) platform and hence most often than not it is CMOS Analog Design.

What is antenna effect in MOSFET?

During the fabrication of MOS integrated circuits, especially at the time of plasma etching, there will be a chance of collecting more charges at the gate and causes damage to the gate oxide layer since it is very thin. This condition is known as Antenna effect. The ratio of the gate area to the gate oxide area is known as Antenna ratio.