Table of Contents
- 1 What is the process of transcription and translation together?
- 2 What is the correct order in the conversion of DNA to proteins?
- 3 What are the 5 steps in protein synthesis?
- 4 What are the 7 steps in protein synthesis?
- 5 What is the process of translation from DNA to protein?
- 6 What is the result of transcription and translation?
What is the process of transcription and translation together?
Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
What is the correct order in the conversion of DNA to proteins?
During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read and used to make a protein. These two processes are summed up by the central dogma of molecular biology: DNA → RNA → Protein.
How are the steps of transcription and translation different in protein synthesis?
The first step is transcription in which the sequence of one gene is replicated in an RNA molecule. The second step is translation in which the RNA molecule serves as a code for the formation of an amino-acid chain (a polypeptide).
What is initiation transcription?
Transcription initiation is the phase during which the first nucleotides in the RNA chain are synthesized. It is a multistep process that starts when the RNAP holoenzyme binds to the DNA template and ends when the core polymerase escapes from the promoter after the synthesis of approximately the first nine nucleotides.
What are the 5 steps in protein synthesis?
Terms in this set (5)
- Unzipping. – DNA double helix unwinds to expose a sequence of nitrogenous bases.
- Transcription. A copy of one of the DNA strand is made.
- Translation (Initiation) mRNA couples w/ ribosome & tRNA brings free amino acids to ribosomes.
- Elongation. – Anticodon of tRNA recognizes codon on mRNA.
- Termination.
What are the 7 steps in protein synthesis?
Terms in this set (12)
- DNA unzips in the nucleus.
- mRNA nucleotides transcribe the complementary DNA message.
- mRNA leaves nucleus and goes to ribosome.
- mRNA attaches to ribosome and first codon is read.
- tRNA brings in proper amino acid from cytoplasm.
- a second tRNA brings in new amino acid.
What do you call the change in the base sequence of the DNA that changes the individual genes?
DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule. As such, the nucleotide sequences found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation.
What initiates DNA transcription?
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene (directly or through helper proteins). RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule. Transcription ends in a process called termination.
What is the process of translation from DNA to protein?
Translation: DNA to mRNA to Protein | Learn Science at Scitable Genes encode proteins, and the instructions for making proteins are decoded in two steps: first, a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is produced through the transcription of DNA, and next, the mRNA serves as a template for protein production through the process of translation.
What is the result of transcription and translation?
The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule. Figure 1: A gene is expressed through the processes of transcription and translation.
What happens to the remaining DNA strand after transcription is complete?
The remaining sections are spliced together and the final mRNA strand is ready for translation. In eukaryotic cells, transcription of a DNA strand must be complete before translation can begin.
How are proteins synthesized from mRNA?
Once an mRNAhas been produced, by transcription and processing the information present in its nucleotidesequence is used to synthesize a protein.